Missouri: The Anti-Abortion Extremist Testing Ground

Formerly NARAL Pro-Choice America

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Missouri: The Anti-Abortion Extremist Testing Ground

January 27, 2026 ∙ Estimated reading time: 12 minutes ∙ By Reproductive Freedom for All

Missouri has become a hub for the anti-abortion movement, shaping legislation and legal theory far beyond its borders.

Mapping Missouri's anti-abortion extremist groups.
Mapping Missouri's anti-abortion extremist groups, lawmakers, and efforts to ban abortion.

Missouri is both a symbol of and a laboratory for the anti-abortion movement. Its laws and court cases have shaped national legal theory, its politicians and activists are influential in federal debates, and its rapid post-Dobbs ban showed its central role in reshaping reproductive rights in the U.S.

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Judicial and Cabinet Nominees
Federal judicial nominees from Missouri like Solicitor General John Sauer and federal district court judge Joshua Divine have made their extremism front and center.

Judicial and Cabinet Nominees

From attempts to roll back access to mifepristone, to attacks on Planned Parenthood and Missouri’s reproductive rights ballot measure, federal nominees from Missouri like Solicitor General John Sauer and federal district court judge Joshua Divine have made their extremism front and center.

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Federal Lawsuits
Federal lawsuits: Lawsuits attacking a safe and effective abortion pill, Planned Parenthood, and more have their roots in Missouri.

Federal Lawsuits

Lawsuits attacking a safe and effective abortion pill, Planned Parenthood, and more have their roots in Missouri.

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Reproductive Freedom for All members advocating in front of the Supreme Court

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We Need You in this Fight

We’re laying the groundwork now to defeat anti-abortion extremists and protect reproductive rights everywhere.

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Federal Lawmakers

From Josh Hawley to Ann Wagner, Missouri has a deep bench of anti-abortion elected officials in Congress who are fighting tooth and nail to take away our reproductive freedom.

Josh Hawley

Josh Hawley, U.S. Senator

Notable Connections: Married to Erin Hawley (litigator at Alliance Defending Freedom, an anti-abortion extremist group)

Need to Know:

  • Has consistently voted against reproductive freedom every year he’s been in office
  • Spearheaded proposed federal legislation that aims to roll back reproductive freedom, including bills to: ban abortion nationwide, ban mifepristone nationwide, defund Planned Parenthood, undermine abortion access for youths, and more
  • Led a letter and corresponding pressure campaign on behalf Senate Republicans demanding that the Food and Drug Administrator Martin Makary launch a baseless review of mifepristone based on a junk science study
  • As the former Solicitor General of Missouri, he assisted in the Supreme Court case Burwell v. Hobby Lobby, where the Court ruled that certain employers could block their employees’ access to birth control
  • Objected to the certification of Joe Biden’s presidential victory in 2020

Eric Schmitt

Eric Schmitt, U.S. Senator

Need to Know:

  • Has received a 0 on our Congressional Record on Reproductive Freedom every year he’s been in office
  • After the Dobbs ruling that overturned Roe v. Wade, then-Attorney General Schmitt issued a declaration banning abortion in the state—making Missouri become the first state post-Dobbs to enact such a ban

Missouri’s U.S. Representatives

Mark Alford
Missouri anti-abortion lawmakers: U.S. Rep. Mark Alford (MO-04)

MO-04

Mark Alford

Has received a 0 on our Congressional Record on Reproductive Freedom every year he’s been in office.

See Voting Record

Jason Smith
Missouri anti-abortion lawmakers: U.S. Rep. Jason Smith (MO-08)

MO-08

Jason Smith

Has received a 0 on our Congressional Record on Reproductive Freedom every year he’s been in office.

See Voting Record

Bob Onder
Missouri anti-abortion lawmakers: U.S. Rep. Bob Onder (MO-03)

MO-O3

Bob Onder

  • Has received a 0 on our Congressional Record on Reproductive Freedom to date
  • Advocated for a bill to ban abortion at 8 weeks
  • Wrote legislation to add unnecessary regulations to reproductive health care clinics

See Voting Record

Sam Graves
Missouri anti-abortion lawmakers: U.S. Rep. Sam Graves (MO-06)

MO-06

Sam Graves

Has received a 0 on our Congressional Record on Reproductive Freedom every year he’s been in office

See Voting Record

Judicial and Cabinet Nominees

From the U.S. Solicitor General to lifetime judicial appointments, Trump has pulled from Missouri’s bench of anti-abortion extremists to pursue his radical agenda—even when he’s no longer in office.

Anti-abortion judicial and cabinet nominees: Joshua Divine

Trump nominated him to: United States District Court for the Eastern and Western Districts of Missouri

Joshua Divine

Need to Know:

  • Represented Missouri in an ongoing, baseless lawsuit challenging the FDA’s authority to regulate mifepristone, a safe and effective abortion medication
  • Challenged Missouri’s Reproductive Freedom Ballot Initiative, even after the majority of Missourians voted to enshrine reproductive freedom in the state’s constitution
  • Has spread disinformation about the safety of birth control
  • Attacked Planned Parenthood and supported efforts to have it defunded

Anti-abortion judicial and cabinet nominees: Maria Lanahan

Trump nominated her to: United States District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri

Maria Lanhan

Need to Know:

  • Represented Missouri in an ongoing, baseless lawsuit challenging the FDA’s authority to regulate mifepristone, a safe and effective abortion medication
  • Challenged Missouri’s Reproductive Freedom Ballot Initiative, even after the majority of Missourians voted to enshrine reproductive freedom in the state’s constitution
  • Defended proposed legislation to prevent Planned Parenthood from receiving any state Medicaid funding
 

Anti-abortion judicial and cabinet nominees: John Sauer

Trump nominated him to: U.S. Solicitor General

John Sauer

Need to Know:

  • Led litigation to undermine access to reproductive health care
  • Partnered with anti-abortion organizations
  • Gave substantial personal funds to organizations that oppose access to abortion and contraception

Federal Lawsuits

Missouri is the epicenter for extremists to bring lawsuits that would take away access to medication abortion and Planned Parenthood.

Missouri v. FDA

Missouri v. FDA

This ongoing case could take away approval of mifepristone—a safe and effective medication that’s been approved for decades for abortion and miscarriage management.

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Missouri v. PPFA

This ongoing case alleges that Planned Parenthood downplayed the so-called danger of mifepristone (which is safer than Tylenol) and seeks almost $2 million in penalties from Planned Parenthood.

Planned Parenthood Great Plains and Great Rivers-Missouri v. Missouri

After Missouri voters passed Amendment 3 (which guarantees reproductive freedom up to fetal viability), Planned Parenthood and others sued to block numerous abortion bans, restrictions and “TRAP” (targeted regulation of abortion provider) laws.

Despite a Circuit Court judge’s ruling to block abortion restrictions based on the state constitutional right to abortion, Missouri’s Supreme Court later ordered a reinstatement of the state’s near-total abortion ban. After a second ruling, the Circuit Court once again blocked many of the state’s bans and restrictions.

Extreme Anti-Abortion Organizations

Extreme anti-abortion organizations have deep ties to power players in Missouri and across the country.

Alliance Defending Freedom

Alliance Defending Freedom (ADF)

The Conservative Christian legal group that leads and supports litigation to restrict abortion access.

The Connections:

  • Erin Hawley: Litigator and Vice President at ADF. Argued the case attacking mifepristone. Representing an anti-abortion fake health center in an upcoming Supreme Court Case. Worked on the Dobbs case that overturned Roe v. Wade. Married to Josh Hawley.
  • US Solicitor General Sauer: participated in numerous ADF trainings.
  • Several of Trump’s anti-reproductive freedom judicial nominees have ties to ADF. Examples from his second term include Jordan Pratt (Middle District of Florida, former Blackstone Fellow), Justin Olson (Southern District of Indiana, ADF member), and Joshua Dunlap (First Circuit, former ADF intern).

The Heritage Foundation

Advances an anti-abortion agenda mainly through policy blueprints for states to adopt and advocacy that aims to restrict access to abortion and cut public funding for reproductive care. This group is the key architect for Project 2025.

The Connections:

Logo for Family Research Council: an anti-abortion extremist group

Family Research Council

Pushes an anti-abortion agenda through policy advocacy, lobbying, and mobilization.

The Connections:

Logo for anti-abortion extremist group, SBA Student B Anthony Pro-Life America

Susan B. Anthony Pro-Life America

National political and advocacy organization that works to restrict abortion through elections, legislation, and public campaigning.

They recruit and fund anti-abortion candidates, run large voter-contact programs (door-knocking, phone/text banks, ads), and publish lawmaker scorecards to pressure votes.

The Connections:

🔍 Read our deep dive about Susan B. Anthony Pro-Life America (SBA)

Logo for anti-abortion extremist group, National Right to Life Committee

National Right to Life Committee

Leads one of the longest-running anti-abortion operations in the U.S., focused on: drafting and lobbying for state and federal abortion bans and supporting candidates who back abortion restrictions and opposing those who don’t.

They recruit and fund anti-abortion candidates, run large voter-contact programs (door-knocking, phone/text banks, ads), and publish lawmaker scorecards to pressure votes.

Attacks on Missourians’ Right to Abortion

In 2024, Missourians made history by voting to reverse its abortion banthe Right to Reproductive Freedom Amendment—which enshrined the right to reproductive freedom in the state constitution, including access to abortion care, prenatal care, childbirth, postpartum care, birth control, miscarriage care, and respectful birthing conditions.

Missourians sent a clear message: politicians do not belong in our families’ private decision-making. Now, Missouri Republicans are trying to undo that vote. And yes—they’re even using the same name to make it harder to tell what’s actually happening.

 

Anti-abortion groups have launched attacks on Amendment 3, a ballot initiative that the majority of Missourians voted for to amend the state constitution to provide a right to reproductive freedom.

Republican Attacks on Missouri’s Reproductive Freedom Protections:

Throughout 2025 Missouri’s Republican state lawmakers introduced 18 separate bills to undermine the Right to Reproductive Freedom Amendment. Now they’ve landed on a single, deceptive measure designed to ban abortion all over again.

In a diabolical move to confuse voters, GOP lawmakers have given their abortion ban the exact same name as the amendment that protected reproductive freedom.

This new abortion ban measure—also called Amendment 3—does the opposite of what voters approved in 2024. It would repeal the protections Missourians just passed, immediately reinstate new health care bans, and give politicians broader power to restrict access to care across the state.

State Elected Officials

From the Governor to the former Attorney General, statewide elected officials in Missouri are using their positions to pursue extreme anti-abortion restrictions.

Anti-abortion Missouri state lawmaker Gov. Mike Kehoe.

Governor

Mike Kehoe

Notable Connections: Anti-abortion leaders have called him a “pro-life leader.”

  • Several of Kehoe’s key advisors, including his wife, First Lady Claudia Kehoe, have started or joined political action committees to support the 2026 ballot initiative that could ban abortion in the state.
  • He’s also stated that he voted in favor of every anti-abortion bill that came to the floor when he was a state legislator.

Anti-abortion Missouri state lawmaker Andrew Bailey.

Former Attorney General, now the Co-Deputy Director of the FBI

Andrew Bailey

Notable Connections: He's a far-right, anti-abortion extremist who launched a fake publicity campaign against Planned Parenthood who was endorsed by Josh Hawley.

  • Despite a voter-approved constitutional amendment (Amendment 3) establishing a right to abortion, Bailey continued to defend the state's abortion bans and restrictions.
  • Filed a lawsuit against Planned Parenthood (Missouri v. PPFA) and a lawsuit to limit access to medication abortion nationwide (Missouri v. FDA)

Anti-abortion Missouri state lawmaker Catherine Hanaway.

Attorney General

Catherine Hanaway

Notable Connections: Anti-abortion leaders have called her a “well-established fighter for life” and uplifted her anti-abortion legislative history.

Reproductive Freedom for All members advocating in front of the Supreme Court

Stay in the Know

We Need You in this Fight

We’re laying the groundwork now to defeat anti-abortion extremists and protect reproductive rights everywhere.

You’ll be among the first to know how you can take action when you sign up for text and email alerts from us.

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